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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2002
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 13 Number 23
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h13n22.htm

                     Produced May 3rd, 2002

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)


OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE

`          Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEMWHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
WORKBOOKWe are embarking on a Rashi Workbook Project*1
REPETITIONPosting on the 4 techniques of REPEATED Words
2 letter rootPosting on cute 2 letter etymologies
NAZIRITEThe best translation is BEING UPPER CLASS
SUMMARYWe add a new section: VERY BRIEF SUMMARIES*2
COMMENTS

*1 Over the next year or so we will be writing modules for
   the 2-4 dozen basic Rashi skill competencies needed for
   learning Rashi. These modules will then be gathered into
   a workbook which can be used at home or in schools In
   the meantime each of these modules is usable in actual
   schools or home-schooling situations.

*2 I was dining by friends last night and heard the usual
   -- I love your digests but dont always have enough time
   to read all of them --. So... I have added a new section
   in the introduction section of tables called THE VERY
   BRIEF SUMMARY. This is a 10 line summary of the whole
   Rashi explanation--while it doesnt have tables, Q&As etc
   it does a) give the rule used b) explain the verse c)
   make the rule appear punchy and intuitive. Of course
   you can always peak and read the table if you want more
   proofs. Historically we use to have 256 BRIEF SUMMARIES
   thru volume 5. They were discontinued. But I am now using
   10 line summaries (About treble the length). Hope you
   like it.



Rashis covered in this issue
VERSERULEBRIEF DESCRIPTION
==============================================================
Lv21-05cDOUBLE NOUNSDont BALD A BALD spot...=ANY baldness
Lv25-04bWORD MEANINGSZMR means LUSCIOUS BRANCH,SONG,PRUNE
Lv25-05cSYNONYMSNZR means UPPER CLASS
Ex29-06aSYNONYMSNZR means UPPER CLASS
Lv22-02aSYNONYMSNZR means UPPER CLASS
Nu06-02bSYNONYMSNZR means UPPER CLASS
Dt33-16dSYNONYMSNZR means UPPER CLASS
----------------------------------------------------------------



#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Lv21-05c

DOUBLE NOUNS:UNUSUAL MEANINGS


------------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE:       DOUBLE NOUNS
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE:    UNUSUAL MEANINGS
------------------------------------------

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
The Bible interprets REPEATED WORDS the same way a modern
writer would interpret BOLD or ITALICS--it indicates emphasis.
We have uncovered 4 separate methods of emphasis. One simple
method of EMPHASIS is to use an UNUSUAL NON-STANDARD translation
The verse Gn21-05c--AND THE MAN grew, AND HE WENT, GOING AND
growing UNTIL HE grew ALOT--has 3 repetitions of the word
GREW. Rashi gives a NON-STANDARD UNUSUAL meaning to GREW: Isaac
grew till EVEN HIS MANURE was coveted!! Read below for further
details.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RULE
-------------------------
There are many Biblical verses where a word
is repeated. We can think of this REPETITION
of a word in a Biblical context as similar to
the use of BOLD in modern writing notation.
The REPETITION or BOLD suggests EMPHASIS.

We have identified 4 methods by which this
emphasis is implemented in interpretation. One
of these 4 methods is where the word is translated
in an UNUSUAL, NON-STANDARD or BROAD manner.

The standard example illustrates this.

STANDARD EXAMPLE
----------------
A good punchy clear example of BROAD INTERPRETATION
from a repeated word occurs in Gn26-13a
-----------------------------
And the man(Isaac) GREW
and he went, going and GROWING
until he GREW alot
------------------------------

STUDENT EXERCISES
-----------------
- What words are REPEATED in the above verse?

- Are the words repeated ONE AFTER THE OTHER?
If not HOW does the REPETITION occur?
How could the verse be rewritten without the REPETITION?

- Apply the rule: REPETITION indicates UNUSUAL MEANING
Give an UNUSUAL NON STANDARD meaning to the repeated
word(s) in the above verse


RASHIS SOLUTION
---------------
ANSWERS TO THE ABOVE QUESTIONS:
- The word GROW is repeated (3 times!)
Also (in Hebrew) the verb TO GO (Hey-Lamed-Caph)
is repeated (And the man WENT, GOING...)

- The repetition is not a consecutive word repetition
The repetition occurs by repeating the whole sentence
or phrases of it. The verse could be rewritten in many
manners such as
-- The man WENT, GOING and GROWING

The verse could even be rewritten with ONE repetition
instead of TWO repetitions
-- The man GREW until he GREW alot

Quite simply the verse could simply say
-- The man GREW ALOT
As this the last example hilights the concept of
GROWING occurs 3 times.

- The word GROW usually refers to GROWING IN ASSETS
WEALTH and INFLUENCE.

Rashi, following the Talmud interprets the word
GROWING in a non-standard manner
- Even the MANURE of Isaac was coveted

In other words Isaac GREW in all his assets so much
that even trivial things like his manure was coveted

COMMENTS:
---------
Again, if this sentence was written in modern day
notation we would use BOLD, ITALICS or CAPS to
indicate the emphasis. So eg using CAPS we would
write the verse as
------------------------------------------
And the man went, going and GROWING alot
------------------------------------------
The CAPPED or BOLDED word suggests an emphasis
which we then implement by giving a non-standard
interpretation.

Another comment is the following: The idea of finding
SOME unusual interpretation is easy. If you found SOME
non-standard interpretation then you understand the
Rashi and the technique he is using. The Talmudic sages
may have come up with a different interpretation. Sometimes
there interpretation is due to advanced application of
a logical techniques.

The Bible at Dt17-11 gives final authority to the Talmudic
sages. This determines what law we follow. However as the
Talmud explicitly says, THESE (interpretations of GREW) AND
THESE (interpretations of GREW) ARE BOTH WORDS OF THE LIVING
GOD. In other words, all interpretations have validity but the
final authority of action belongs to the Talmudic sages.


STANDARD REFERENCES FOR THIS RULE
---------------------------------
A standard reference for Rashis using climax may
be found at http://www.RashiYomi.com/doubl-14.htm

Also visit the Rashi calendar at
http://www.RashiYomi.com/calendar1.htm
The DOUBLE series was presented from Mid December 2000
to Mid January 2001

One can also visit directly
http://www.RashiYomi.com/doubl-1.htm
http://www.RashiYomi.com/doubl-2.htm....

The above are all summarized at doubl-14 at
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/doubl-14.htm

HOW TO USE THESE LISTS FOR SCHOOL PROJECTS
------------------------------------------
You can use the LISTS referenced above for
school projects. Here is how. If you are a
teacher then you can use the above resources
to display verses with repeating words.

You can then have the students do the 3 exercises
listed above:
(a) Find the repetition
(b) Suggest a rewriting of the verse
(c) Try and guess at a non-standard interpretation of the word

The students can then compare their analysis with that
of Rashis. This leads to greater appreciation of Rashi.

TODAYS EXAMPLE
--------------
Todays example at Lv21-05 interprets a repetition QUANTITATIVELY.
The phrases DONT cut cutting IN YOUR SKIN and DONT bald
baldness IN YOUR HEAD is interpreted to mean that ANY AMOUNT
of cutting or baldness making is prohibited. Here is the verse
along with other verses found in the above references.

The first 2 verses in this list are new
VERSETEXT OF VERSEMEANING OF REPETITION
Lv21-05cDont BALD BALDNESSANY baldness*1
Lv21-05cDont CUT skin CUTTINGSANY cuttings*1
Nu17-28aAll who come NEAR NEAR ...Even if it was crowded
Nu05-12aA MAN MAN who suspects his wifeEven a paranoic man*2
Ex15-01bGod is GREAT GREAT in war*3Overthrows HORSE& RIDER
Gn08-21bGod will not destroy not destroyNo matter how evil*4
Gn26-13a& Isaac >GREW GREW<Even his manure*5
Dt33-18aDAN..DAN ZVULUN..ZVULUNEven if weaklings*6
Gn39-11bhe left his GARMENT GARMENTGarment of sin*7
COMMENTS

*1 In other words if, as an act of mourning, you slash
   your skin 5 times, then you have violated 5 prohibitions.
   That is there is a separate prohibition on ANY and EACH
   cutting.

*2 In other words >MAN MAN< denotes >ANY MAN< even someone
   very paranoic (I might think that God wouldnt allow his
   Great Name to be erased for a Paranoic man--therefore
   we are told otherwise). The Numbers-Rabbah Midrash gives
   several explanations--Rashi simply cites from the first in
   the list(and thereby encourages people to learn the
   rest). We have selected the interpretation closest to the
   paradigm of the list.

   For an extensive but technical discussion see
   http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h2n19.htm
   http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h4n13.htm


*3 Rashis language is >Ordinary military greatness consists
   of overpowering the RIDER not the HORSE. But God throws
   BOTH HORSE and RIDER in the sea--hence we have a non-
   standard example of GREATNESS which is indicated by
   the REPETITION.

*4 The implication is that God will never destroy the
   world no matter how evil man becomes. (Rashis language
   is that >God took an oath not to destroy the world<
   But all that Rashi meant was the emphasis that God
   would not destroy the world in any circumstances)

*5 >GROWTH< is usually associated with assets and workers
   Rashi points out here that Isaac >GREW IN ALL RESPECTS<
   >EVEN< his manure was coveted.

*6  Rashi here cites a fundamental controversy in approach
   to REPETITION. Genesis Rabbah 95:04 and Baba Kama 92a
   both deal with the problem that of the 12 tribes
   blessed by Moses only 5 of them have their names
   repeated in the blessing (in Dt33). Thus eg it says
   >And to DAN Moses said/blessed: May DAN be like a lion<
   Thus this blessing REPEATS the word DAN while other
   blessings use pronouns when re-refering to the tribes.

   Genesis Rabbah suggests that these 5 people were the
   >STRONGEST< of the tribes (So REPETITION denotes
   the CHOICEST). By contrast, Baba Kamma suggests that
   these 5 were the >WEAKEST< (So REPETITION denotes
   that they are tribes in >ANY< circumstances EVEN
   though they are not as strong as the other tribes).

   After reviewing this controversy in Gn47-02a Rashi
   decides in Dt33-18a in favor of the TALMUD.

   Using the above LISTS we can easily understand why.

   >REPETITION< can only denote >CHOICEST< if there is
   some other EMPHASIS INDICATOR like >THE< or >OF<
   This is discussed in METHOD 1 above. By contrast
   METHOD 3 shows that ordinary REPETITION broadens
   the meaning of a word to include non standard
   circumstances. Hence the implication would be
   >You are my tribe EVEN if you are a weakling and
   are not what I expect<.


*7  First: The word >garment< is not repeated (>Garment Garment<)
    Rather the word is used twice in the verses without using
    a pronoun (ie it says >And she grabbed him by his GARMENT
    and he left his GARMENT in her hand<). REPETITION that
    comes from an omitted pronoun is also REPETITION.

    Next: The simplest explanation would be that >GARMENT<
    would refer to >GARMENT< in the sense of the Monica
    Lewinsky >GARMENT<---in other words a >GARMENT< with
    non-standard items which indicate sin (Recall that
    Potipheras wife had been making advances on Joseph
    daily; Joseph was only 17; he was all alone and without
    friends; the rest is clear...). In summary the simplest
    interpretation is that >Garment< refers to a >non standard
    meaning of garment< denoting sin (A similar use of
    garment occurs in Dt22-17 >and the man will accuse his
    newly married wife of having been unfaithful and they
    will spread the GARMENT before the city officials(to
    prove her innocence)<


RASHI RULE USED: DOUBLE NOUNS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Lv25-04b

ZMR means PRUNE


VERY BRIEF SUMMARY:
-------------------
The root Zayin-Mem-Resh basically refers to a LONG, LUSCIOUS,
FRUITFUL branch. It can also mean TO PRUNE. This is similar
to the verbs TO DUST, or to UPROOT which means REMOVAL of
the DUST or ROOT. So too TO PRUNE means to REMOVE parts of
the branch. Zayin-Mem-Resh can also mean to SING. Just as
WORDS are called LEAVES and THOUGHTS are called BRANCHES of
thought so too EMOTIONS YOU SING ON are called LUSCIOUS
FRUITFUL BRANCES.

BACKGROUND
----------
The verse uses the Hebrew root Zayin-Mem-Resh. On this email
group we traditionally look up meanings in the RADACK book
of roots. There we find that ZMR has 3 apparently different
meanings
- to SING
- to PRUNE
- long winding BRANCHES
These 3 meanings are summarized in LIST4 Below.
One of the exciting challenges in learning a Rashi is finding
the unifying theme in such disparate meanings.

SOLUTION
--------
THe primary meaning of ZMR is a LONG,FRUITFUL BRANCH.
We can justify this using the Rashi 2-letter meaning
theory which we briefly present below in LIST1.

We must now justify the connection between LONG FRUITFUL
BRANCH and PRUNING/SINGING.

We do this using what we call in this email group a
SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATION. SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATIONS explain
how eg NOUNS become VERBS.

There are at least 3 ways a noun can become a verb:
-- TO FLOWER means TO PRODUCE the noun--the flower
-- TO HAMMER means to USE the noun--to hammar
-- TO DUST means to REMOVE the noun--to dust.

LIST2 below gives other examples. It comes from
http://www.RashiYomi.com/h5n1.htm

LIST3 gives examples where ACTIVITIES of the mind
correspond to PLANT words. It then follows that
the verb TO SING, indicative of good emotions, is
symbolized by LONG FRUITFUL LUSCIOUS BRANCHES.

Here are the 3 lists.

In the first list below we use the Rashi-Hirsch 2 letter
theory. Rashi DID believe that there are 3 letter roots
and that these are used as a basis for conjugation. However
just as 3 letter roots are used for CONJUGATION so too
2 letter roots are used to INDICATE MEANING.

That is the meaning of each 3 letter root is the sum
of the meanings of its middle two letter root plus
the one letter root. In the table below we interpret
the letter ZAYIN to mean ZYZ, protrusion. This
one letter root then explains about a half dozen roots
beginning with ZAYIN. The concept of PROTRUSION refers
to ANYTHING STICKING OUT or that APPEARS TO STICK OUT
ROOT=EXPLANATION BY LAST 2 LETTERS
ZD(Boil)=A DOOD(Potful) of ZZ (droplet) protrusions
ZIV=(light) PROTRUSIONS
ZNH(Prostitute)=NUN(Master) of PROTRUSIONS(ZZ-*1)
ZR(Stranger)=ZZ(Sticks out) RESH(in the land)
ZL(Winding branch)=LOL(Winding) ZZ(Branch)
ZChCh(Clamped)=CHeth(United) (from) ZZ(Protrusion)
ZMR(Long branch)=MARIH(Brazen) ZZ(Protrusion)
COMMENTS

*1 Cf The English FORWARD(ie STICKING OUT)



SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATIONS


The list below gives examples of how NOUNS become verbs
On this email group we call this the method of SEMANTIC
TRANSFORMATIONS. The 3 basic methods of SEMANTIC
TRANSFORMATION are
-- CREATION OF THE NOUN/OBJECT (eg to FLOWER)
-- REMOVAL OF THE NOUN/OBJECT (eg to DuST)
-- USAGE OF THE NOUN/OBJECT (eg TO HAMMAR)

Here is the list. Again this list comes from
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h5n1.htm
THE VERBTHE NOUNVERB does the Following to NOUN
To FlowerFlowerTo PRODUCE it
To DustDustTo REMOVE it
To HammerHammer *1To USE it
To drinkDrink *1To USE it
To fanFan *1To USE it
To uprootRoot *2To Remove it
To singSong *1To PRODUCE it
To buildbuilding *1To PRODUCE it
To plantplantTo produce it
To PRUNElong vineTO REMOVE parts of it
COMMENTS

*1 We are simply asserting that the VERB and NOUN are related
as shown. We are not asserting that the VERB or NOUN came first
Thus some people may think that the object plant came first
and afterwards the activity "to plant" came while eg they
may believe that the activity "to build" came first and
afterwards the object "building". We are simply showing the
relationship between the two.

*2 In English the word UPROOT and ROOT are slightly different.
In Hebrew the words SRSH and SRSH are identical



PLANTS & THOUGHTS


The charming list below comes from Rav Hirsch. It was first
gathered together in an unpublished paper THE SACRED LETTERS
which I wrote in the 80s. It shows how THOUGHTS are mirrored
in language by PLANT words.

Hence TO SING (or to FEEL like SINGING) would be symbolized
by a LONG LUSCIOUS VINE
THOUGHT WORDPLANT WORDRELATIONSHIP
MLL (word)MLL(Leaflets)Leaf/word=smallest unit
SeIF(paragraph)SeIF(Branch)Unit of collected items
IGERETH(letter)GRGR(clusters)A collection of items
RAYON(insights)MIREH(Pasture)Mental Grazing
ZMR(songs)ZMR(luscious brnchGood unit



SUMMARY: ZMR


Here are the 3 meanings of ZMR and their justifications
This is a summary of the 3 other lists above
MEANINGSAMPLE VERSERELATION TO MEANING OF BIG BRANCH
Luscious branchEz08-17Luscious branch
To pruneIs05-06REMOVAL of parts of branch
To singPs47-07Feeling like a LUSCIOUS branch



RASHI RULE USED: WORD MEANINGS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Lv25-05c

RASHIS COVERED: Ex29-06a Lv25-05c Lv22-02a Nu06-02b Dt33-16d

NZR = UPPER CLASS


VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
The root Nun-Zayin-Resh is best translated as the UPPER CLASS
It can refer to (a) KINGS and CROWNS(NZR), (b) PRIESTS (NZR)
or the (c) NAZARITE (Abstains from wine). The traditional
translation of NZR is SEPARATION. But NZR means more than
SEPARATION--it means SEPARATION in the sense of the SEPARATION
of HIGHER SOCIETY. Thus the KING separates from the rif-rafs
(Social higher society), the PRIEST separates from the rif-rafs
(Spiritual higher society) and the NAZARITE separates from
rif-rafs(traditional higher society).Lv25-05c talks about
specially picked(separated)grapes used for HIGHER SOCIETY WINES


BACKGROUND
----------
Lv22-02 speaks about the need for the PRIESTS TO SEPARATE FROM
THE SACRIFICES WHILE THEY ARE RITUALLY IMPURE.

The Hebrew word for SEPARATE has the root Nun-Zayin-Resh.

This root also can refer to the
-- NaZaRiTE--someone who separates from wine
-- NaZer   --the CROWN-someone you should keep your distance

THE RASHI RULE USED
-------------------
Rashi of course is explaining the MEANING of WORDS here the
same way a dictionary explains words.

One of the challenging items in a Rashi explanation of words
is to find SPECIAL NUANCES. We call this the SYNONYM rule.
It is part of the rule of WORD MEANINGS.

NZR
---
We know that NZR means SEPARATION. But what type of SEPARATION?
Many Biblical roots mean SEPARATION such as Beth-Dalet-Lamed
or Pay-Resh-Shin.

CAN WE ANSWER SUCH QUESTIONS?
-----------------------------
Some students of Bible are TURNED OFF by such questions
They claim that such questions lead to Talmudic pilpul--
to assertions that sound nice but which cannot be defended.

Actually one standard technique is used to answer such
questions--a review of lists of verses containing the
roots in question. Very often such lists TALK TO US
and tell us something more specific about the meaning.

In my fundamental paper -- PSHAT & DRASH: A NEW ANALYTIC
& INTUITIVE APPROACH (Tradition Winter 1980) I advocated
the method of SEMANTIC MODELS--that is explaining a
Hebrew word by finding a COMPARABLE English (or French
or Russian or German) word which captures the NUANCES of
the Biblical word in question.

An examination of the verses in the list below shows that
the best translation of NZR is UPPER CLASS. The UPPER
CLASS PEOPLE may have a CROWN (Social upper class)
separating them from the rif-rafs, or the UPPER CLASS
PEOPLE may abstain from WINE(emotional upper class)
separating them from the rif-rafs or the UPPER CLASS
PEOPLE many abstain from RITUAL IMPURITY (the PRIESTLY
upper class--separating oneself from the spiritual
rif rafs).

True there is the idea of SEPARATION--but there is a
nuance of CLASS SEPARATION. Please read the list
below and the verses cited to see if you agree or
if you have a better formulation. This-- the review
of lists and formulation of unifying themes--is the
essence of Rashi study as it applies to DICTIONARY
MEANING
VERSEMEANING OF NZRHow is it UPPER CLASS
Ex29-06aNZR=TZITZTZITZ=HIGH PRIEST=UPPER SPIRITUAL CLASS
Dt33-16dNZIR=CROWNNZR=CROWN=SOCIAL UPPER CLASS(King)*1
Nu06-02bNAZIRNAZARITE=No wine;SOCIAL UPPER CLASS
Lv22-02aHoly separationPRIESTS; UPPER SPIRITUAL CLASS *2
Lv25-05cFENCED GRAPESAllocated to special occasions*3
Ez14-07Religious NZRPriests--upper spiritual class*4
Isa01-04PRISHAH
COMMENTS

*1 Rashi and Radack seem to disagree here. Actually they
   are simply complementing each other by stating different
   nunaces. RADACK explicitly mentions the idea that Joeseph
   was KING.

   Rashi by contrast mentions that JOSEPH WAS SEPARATED (BY
   KIDNAPPING) FROM THIS BROTHERS.

   It appears as if Rashi is interpreting NZR as the
   SEPARATION OF THEFT AND KIDNAPPING.

   But this contradicts all the other verses!!!!

   Thus Rashi is simply stating that the separation from
   his brothers WHO DIDNT BELIEVE JOSEPH WOULD BE KING
   ACCORDING TO HIS DREAMS led him to develop his inner
   resources until he became VICE-KING and the Brothers bowed
   to him.

   As usual: We read here Rashi in LIGHT of related verses

*2 The verse requires priests to separate from sacrifices
   during periods of ritual impurity. We interpret this
   separation as the typical separation of the UPPER CLASS
   from the LOWER CLASS. LOWER CLASS can refer to people
   who overindulge in tempation. Or it can refer to socially
   lower class. Or in this case it refers to a SPIRITUAL LOWER
   class--people who are in ritual impurity.

*3 Recall that wine symbolized two oppostites
   It could symbolize the lower classes who overindulge
   in wine--hence we have the NAZARITE.

   Wine could also symbolize HIGHER SOCIETY which is known
   for their WINING and DINING. Think of all the SPECIAL
   HIGHER SOCIETY WINES.

   Thus the simple meaning of NZR GRAPES would be GRAPES
   separated and set aside for HIGHER SOCIETY SOCIALS

*4 Ezekiel, of course is being cynical here.
   The actual verse describes people who SEPARATE FROM GOD
   AND GO WORSHIP IDOLS.

   Ezekiel cynically describes this with the word NZR
   In other words these people treat IDOLATRY as the true
   UPPER CLASS and JUDAISM as the lower class.

   Thus the verse speaks about the people who UPPER CLASS
   AWAY FROM JUDAISM TOWARDS IDOLATRY.

   The cynical way of describing these people is biting--
   if they wanted to be upper class they could just as
   easily have become Jewish Nazarites. In fact Ezekiel
   was a priest and he was addressing the psychology of
   these deviants.

   True, people have needs to BELONG and BE BETTER. But
   these people could have easily become NAZARITES and
   dedicated to God. Instead they call IDOLATRY the
   true upper class and the Temple the lower class.
   (They of course were severely punished).

   For a comparable verse see Is01-04



RASHI RULE USED: SYNONYMS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#


          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
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* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
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 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

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THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
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 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

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THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
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* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
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  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
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 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
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 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
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  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
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                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#