#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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| Rashi is Simple Version 2.0 |
| (C) RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President |
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VERSE: Gn34-08a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn34-08a Gn50-21a Ex27-10d
Gn34-03a Gn34-02a Gn34-02b
========================= Gn01-11d ============================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is to give the meaning of words
the same way the dictionary gives meaning. Rashi had a variety
of vehicles to present meaning.
EXAMPLE 1 Gn34-02a Gn34-02b SYNONYM Method
------------------------------------------
There are 3 phrases for relations between males and females
- love WITH
- love OF
- Make her answer
Surprisingly any of these can mean rape(more below)
EXAMPLE 2 Gn34-03a Gn50-21a NEW MEANINGS
----------------------------------------
The phrase SPEAK ON THEIR HEART refers to
either speaking REASSURINGLY to someone or else
to attempt to CONVINCE them of something
EXAMPLE 3 Gn34-08a Ex27-10d 8 METHODS OF NAMING
-----------------------------------------------
The Hebrew root Chet-Shin-Kaf means to HUG.
Hence it can also refer to an OVERLAY of a pillar
(Since the overlay, HUGS the pillar) This illustrates
the method of NAMING BY FORM
===============================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANING
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS SYNONYMS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST955c
List of verses with 3 phrases for relations(love with/of)
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 Methods of Naming
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST813c
List of meanings of Chet-Shin-Kap(HUG;OVERLAY=form of hug)
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854f
List of verses with SPEAK ON HEART=reassure,convince
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854d
List of 2-3-word Biblical idioms
===============================================================
========================== LIST955c ================================
List of verses*10 with
3 phrases for relations(love with/of)*1 *2
====================================================================
VERSE Relation The Two Partners Bible Text Bible Text
========== ========== ================== =========== ===============
Gn19-33 Seduction Lots daugthers SLEEP OF*1
------- ------- -------------- -------- -------------
Gn30-15 Marital Leah Jacob SLEEP WITH
------- ------- -------------- -------- -------------
Gn31-50 Rape Suspicious father ANSWER/TORTURE
Gn34-02a Rape*11 Schem Dinah SLEEP OF ANSWER/TORTURE
Gn34-02b Rape*11 Schem Dinah SLEEP OF ANSWER/TORTURE
Gn34-03 Rape Schem Dinah SLEEP OF
Dt22-25 Rape Person-friend wife SLEEP WITH
2S13-14 Rape Amnon-Tamar SLEEP WITH ANSWER/TORTURE
Dt22-22*12 Adultery Person friend-wife SLEEP WITH
Dt22-23:24 Adultery Person-friend wife SLEEP WITH ANSWER/TORTURE
Ex22-18 Bestiality Human Animal SLEEP WITH
Lv20-11 Incest Person Mother SLEEP OF
NOTES
-----
*1 For example the LIST shows that both phrases
- SLEEP WITH
- RAPE
are used to describe an act of ADULTERY
*2 This list shows that there are 3 phrases used for relations
- SLEEP WITH
- SLEEP OF
- RAPE (TORTURE-MAKE THE WOMEN ANSWER)
Malbim makes some OBVIOUS comments about SLEEP WITH/SLEEP OF
However as the LIST shows ANY of the 3 phrases can be used
to denote RAPE.
---------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------------
*10 We used a DAVKA CD ROM to produce this list
We searched for
------------------------------------------------
Shin Caph Beth (*Aleph*Tauv or *Ayin Mem*) OR Ayin-Nun-Hey
------------------------------------------------
This produced 130 records in the Bible and Prophets
*11 Rashis literal translation is as follows
-------------------------------------------------------
The Biblical phrase SLEPT OF denotes ordinary relations
The Biblical phrase RAPE denotes anal relations
-------------------------------------------------------
As we frequently do in this list I think the proper approach
is to interpret Rashi broadly vs literally. We should
read Rashi as follows
-------------------------------------------
The Biblical phrase RAPE (literally, MAKE HER ANSWER)
denotes a painful or humiliating type of relationship
ONE GOOD EXAMPLE of this is the anal relationship
-------------------------------------------
However one is not obligated to interpret Rashi literally
If a student has a different conception of MAKE HER ANSWER
this is perfectly valid.
Such an approach to Rashi is broad deep and mature
enabling fuller appreciation of the Biblical text.
For further details on this approach to Rashi read my
Tradition article at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rashi.pdf
I call this the method of ARCHETYPICAL EXAMPLES since
anal relations is an archetypical example of
MAKING HER ANSWER (i.e. response without participation)
*12 The fact that the Bible in Dt22 describes a case of FORCED
RAPE using the words SLEEP WITH (Denoting equality) has
obvious consequences for rape laws (Rambam Murder 1)
--------------------------------------------------
Rape is determined by initial lack of consent;
not by the form of the act. Thus if the married
women seeing force consents to SLEEP WITH vs
full rape (in order to avoid being furture tortured)
she is still considered to have been raped
--------------------------------------------------
====================================================================
===================== LIST854f =========================
List of verses*10 with
SPEAK ON HEART=reassure,convince
Also see LIST854d
========================================================
VERSE NATURE OF SOOTHING, REASSURANCE or ASSUAGING
======== ===============================================
Gn34-03a Rapist attempts to marry victim*11
Gn50-21a Joseph appeases kidnappers-gives forgiveness
Ju19-03 Attempt to bring back wife who went to father
2S19-08 Reconcile King with rebellious subjects
2C32-06 Dont fear war with Assyria
NOTES
-----
--------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ---------------
*10 This list was obtained using a Davka CD Rom
by searching for
-----------------------------
*Daleth-Beth-Resh Ayin-Lamed
-----------------------------
This search produced 5 records
*11 Rashis actual language here is interesting:
------------------------------------------
The rapist said (to the victim):
-- -- -- -- -- --
Look your father has
small fields; my
father has big fields
Our marriage would
help your situation
-- -- -- -- -- --
-------------------------------------------
But we need not interpret Rashi strictly. Rather
we can interpret Rashi broadly
--------------------------------------------
The rapist tried to convince his victim to
marry her. A GOOD EXAMPLE OF WHAT MIGHT HAVE
HAPPENED is that he told her how his father
had many fields while her father had few
fields and hence the marriage would help her
--------------------------------------------
In other words we dont interpret Rashi strictly but
rather see Rashi as giving a GOOD EXAMPLE of the
GENERAL THEME of trying to CONVINCE her. Such an
approach to Rashi is mature, deep and satisfying; it
contrasts sharply with a shallow approach that
EXHAUSTS the meaning of the verse in the literal
statement of Rashi.
For more on this method (which I call the method
of ARCHETYPICAL examples) see my Tradition article
on Rashi: http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rashi.pdf
======================================================
======================= LIST813c =====================
List of meanings*10 of
Chet-Shin-Kap(HUG;OVERLAY=form of hug*1)
======================================================
VERSE Text of verse with translation of ChSK Capped
======== =============================================
Gn34-04a Schem DESIRES your daughter
Dt07-07 God DESIRED to make you His nation
1K09-01 All the DESIRABLES of Solomon
------ -----------------------------
Ex27-10d The OVERLAYS of pillars were Silver
Ex38-28 He OVERLAYED the pillars
Ex27-10 They were OVERLAYED with Silver
NOTES
-----
*1 The OVERLAY of a pillar has the FORM of a HUG
-------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ---------------
*10 List, courtesy of RADACK, Book of Biblical Roots
======================================================
======================= LIST854d ================================
A List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
=================================================================
VERSE BIBLICAL PHRASE TRANSLATION NOTES
======== ======================= ===================== ==========
Gn34-03a SPEAK ON ONES HEART Convince, reassure LIST854f
Gn23-04b PLOT OF GRAVE Burial Plot *12
Gn18-11b WAY OF WOMEN Having Periods *9
Ex13-10a FROM DAYS DAYS YEARLY *1
Dt17-11a LEFT AND RIGHT A LITTLE BIT *2
Ex21-21a DAY OR DAYS 24 hours
Dt22-17a Spread the Garment Prove your point *3 *4
Ex22-02a If Sun shines on him If it is Clear *4
Dt25-09a Spit IN FACE Spit TOWARDS HIM *5
Lv05-04a Swear by lips Verbally(Explicitly) *6
-------- ----------------------- --------------------- ---------
Lv16-21a TIMED person An APPOINTED person *8
Ex21-02a JEWISH SLAVE a slave AND Jewish *7
Lv13-39a DULL WHITE DULL WHITE
Lv23-40a GORGEOUS FRUIT Ethrog *10
-------- ----------------------- --------------------- ------------
Ex28-08a Belt OF his AYPHOD Belt USED with AYPHOD *7
Ex28-31a the dress OF AYPHD Aypohd USED with DRES *7
Dt16-17a GIFT OF HIS HAND INCOME LEVEL *7 *4
Dt16-10a TAX OF DONATION OF HAND INCOME LEVEL *7 *4
Dt21-13a GARMENT OF CAPTIVITY Worn in war to seduce *7
NOTES
-----
*1 See LIST854e below for Biblical examples
*2 See LIST854c below for further Biblical examples
*3 Probably when people had a sexual fight (who did what)
they could SPREAD THE GARMENT to clearly prove their
point*10
*4 Many idioms in this list are examples of SYNECDOCHE,
the use of the (distinguished) PART to indicate the
WHOLE. Thus honey is a GOOD EXAMPLE of something
sweet, bread is a GOOD EXAMPLE of food, day(12
hours) is a GOOD EXAMPLE of the 24 hour period. Hence
almost all languages develop idioms: HONEY=SWEET,
BREAD=FOOD, DAY(12 HOURS)=DAY(24 HOURS).
Similarly in the above live SPEADING THE GARMENT
is a GOOD example of PROVING MATTERS (In sexual
disputes), the SUN SHINING is a good example of
CLARITY, GIFT OF HIS HAND is a good example of
a HIGH INCOME LEVEL.
*5 Cf However Lv15-08a Spit ON Him = Actually spit on him
The rule seems to be that SPIT ON HIM is literal
whereas SPIT ON FACE (use of FACE vs FULL PERSON) means
SPIT TOWARDS HIM
*6 eg If I am angry and mentally curse or if I
am angry and start ranting and raving without
however fully articulating everything on my mind
-- in these two cases I may have sworn IN MY MIND
but I have not sworn WITH MY LIPS (Explicitly)
*7 Contrast Ex20-03a OTHER GODS=GODS OF OTHER PEOPLE
vs Ex21-02a JEWISH SLAVE = SLAVE AND JEWISH
Technically the possessive --OF-- can mean
- OWNED BY (eg OTHER GODS = gODS of OTHERS)
- PROPERTY (eg JEWISH SLAVE=SLAVE who is JEWISH)
- ASSOCIATED WITH (eg BELT OF GARMENT=Belt USED
with Garment)
Note Rashi proves the JEWISH SLAVE=SLAVE WHO
IS JEWISH by citing an other verse Dt15-12 *11
*8 For the relationship between TIME and DESIGNATION
cf the English APPOINT-APPOINTMENT
*9 Cf Gn31-35 for the sister phrase PATH OF WOMEN
which also refers to HAVING PERIODS
-------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------
*10 (The following comes from my article PSHAT & DRASH
TRADITION Winter 1980)
We must distinguish between
- HOW we know what the idiom means
- WHY the idiom means this
HOW we know what the idiom means comes from USAGE
It can usually be inferred from context. Thus
the Biblical verses here state
when a person slanders his newly married
wife...then the womens parents shall sue
him and SPREAD THE GARMENT before the judges
-------------------------------------
Hence SPREAD the GARMENT is simply an idiom
for PROVING ONES POINT.
By contrast the question of WHY the idiom
means what it does is something more
speculative--maybe I am right that frequently
in sexual fights a SPREAD GARMENT proved a
point. But maybe I am wrong...in such a case
I am still sure about WHAT the idiom means.
I am just not sure about WHY it means this.
Another example occurs at Lv23-40a and Lv23-40b.
I am certain that the ETHROG was called the
GORGEOUS FRUIT but I am not quite sure why. Rashi
offers two explanations
EXPLANATION 1:
The ethrog is an EVERGREEN and DWELLS YEARLY
(This uses a pun on EVERGREEN=HADAR vs
HODOR=GORGEOUS)
EXPLANATION 2
-------------
The TREE and FRUIT taste the same; Hence
the tree is Gorgeous.
EXPLANATION 3
-------------
Rav Hirsch offers a 3rd explanation. Rav
Hirsch reviews botanical classifications and infers
that the Ethrog is one of the more advanced
fruits in the tree Kingdom.
I am still not sure WHY the phrase GORGEOUS
FRUIT means ETHROG but I am sure that this
phrase was used to denote the ETHROG
*11
Here is another example:
GARMENT OF CAPTIVITY does NOT mean
- the GARMENT she wore WHEN captured
(That is the GARMENT with the PROPERTY that
it was worn at the time of capture) but rather means
- the GARMENT she put on in case she is captured
(That is the garment ASSOCIATED with the
possibility of CAPTURE)
Rashi explains that non-jewish women would have
special garments they wore in case they were
captured during a war in order to seduce their
captors and prevent themselves from being murdered.
*12 The Hebrew word A-Chu-Zah by itself can refer to
a plot of land (without any additional words):
------------------------------------------------------
Cf Gn47-11 Gave them a PLOT
Cf Lv25-46 These slaves shall be a PLOT for inheritance
Cf Nu27-04 Give us please a PLOT among our brothers
------------------------------------------------------
=========================================================
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Volume 20 Number 3
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 20 Number 3