#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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VERSE: Gn08-08b
RASHIS COVERED: Gn08-08b Gn43-14c Gn12-20b Gn18-16b Gn49-21a
Lv26-22a Ex08-17a
================ THE HEBREW ROOT SH-L-CH HAS 10 MEANINGS ========
BACKGROUND
----------
Recall that Hebrew is composed of 3 letter roots which can be
conjugated in various modes, tenses, genders, pluralities etc.
These conjugation tables are well known and can be found in
any book on Hebrew.
EXAMPLE
-------
The Hebrew root SH-M-R means to WATCH. For example, SHMRti
means I HAD WATCHED while tSHMRi means SHE WILL WATCH.
THE ROOT+PREPOSITION RULE
-------------------------
The ROOT+PREPOSITION rule asserts that the meaning of a root
may change depending on the grammatical mode and the
connecting preposition.
EXAMPLE
-------
The root SH-L-CH has the following meanings:
-- It means TO SEND in the ACTIVE MODE
-- It means TO LET GO/GENTLY BRANCH OUT in the INTENSIVE MODE
-- It means to INCITE in the CAUSATIVE MODE
THE LIST
--------
The list below presents the 10 meanings of SHLACH. Each
meaning is accompanied by a statement of
- which MODE is used (ACTIVE, INTENSIVE, CAUSATIVE)
- which of the 10 MEANINGS is presented
- the CONNECTION between the meaning studied and the
meaning of the mode (e.g. the meaning ESCORT relates
to the meaning LET OUT since by ESCORTING someone
you facilitate their GOING OUT)
- a VERSE with an example of this meaning
- the TEXT OF THE VERSE exemplifying this meaning
THE RASHI-RADACK DUO
--------------------
An exciting by-product of this list, explored in the footnotes,
is the drama of controversy between the Rishonim. In this
case we see how Rashi and Radack approach the same Root.
Interestingly Rashi and Radack COMPLEMENT each other: There
are examples that Rashi brings but not Radack and examples
that RADACK brings but not Rashi. This supports the thesis
of this email group that Rishonim COMPLEMENT not DISAGREE
=================================================================
MODE MEANING CONNECTION VERSE TEXT OF VERSE
========= =========== =========== ======== ======================
ACTIVE TO SEND TO SEND*1 Gn49-21a Gazelle MESSENGER *10
ACTIVE GIFTS Thing sent Ex18-02 After her PRESENTS*2
CAUSATIVE INCITE INCITE Lv26-22a INCITE animals on them
CAUSATIVE INCITE INCITE Ex08-17a INCITE against them*3
INTENSIVE LET OUT LET OUT Gn43-14c LET OUT of prison*4
INTENSIVE LET OUT LET OUT Gn08-08b LET dove OUT of ark
INTENSIVE ESCORT Help OUT Gn12-20b They ESCORTED Abram*8
INTENSIVE ESCORT Help OUT Gn18-16b Abraham ESCORTED them
INTENSIVE Divorce Let out Dt24-01 & he divorces her*9
INTENSIVE Table Place OUT Ez41-22 ..the tables*6
INTENSIVE EXTEND Hand Let it OUT Ex02-09 LET her hand OUT*5
INTENSIVE Branch out Branch OUT Ps80-12 ..branches BRANCH OUT
INTENSIVE Sword Like branch 2C23-10 each had his sword*7
INTENSIVE Canal Branchs OUT Isa08-06 the CANAL waters*15
NOTES
=====
*1 TO SEND MESSENGER: In Rashi & In Radack *10
*2 PRESENTS, GIFTS::: ---------- In Radack
*3 TO INCITE::::::::: In Rashi ----------- *11
*4 TO LET OUT:::::::: In Rashi & In Radack
*5 EXTEND A HAND::::: ---------- In Radack
*6 TABLE::::::::::::: ---------- In Radack *12
*7 SWORD::::::::::::: ---------- In Radack *13
*8 ESCORT:::::::::::: In rashi & In Radack
*9 DIVORCE::::::::::: ---------- In Radack *14
------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------------------
*10 Rashi translates the verse as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------
Naftali who had a fertile inheritance in Israel was like
a Gazelle Messenger (A species of Gazelles specifically
known for its speed and usage in delivering messages).
Naftalis fields blossom & run with flowers/fruits the
way Gazelles romp and roam.
---------------------------------------------------------
*11 Radack simply interprets this verse as I WILL SEND ANIMALS
AGAINST THEM. Rashi however adds a nuance by interpreting
I WILL INCITE ANIMALS AGAINST THEM. We prefer Rashi over
Radack since Rashis added nuance is connected with the
causative mode.
*12 Rav Hirsch explains that the TABLE is the OBJECT whose
function is TO LET THINGS OUT on it. Hence the name.
*13 I would suggest an explanation that the SWORD looks
like a BRANCH. LOOKING ALIKE is grounds for sharing
a name (e.g. CHERRY red, PENTAGON, AIRPLANE WING etc)
Hence also the name for SWORD is BRANCH (SHLACH)
*14 Rav Hirsch was the first to point out that DIVORCE does
not mean THROW OUT but rather means TO LET HER GO.
Radack also brings down Nu05-03: EXPEL them from the
camp. Following Rav Hirsch and this list we would
interpret this to mean ESCORT THEM OUT.
*15 Recall that the Hebrew for BRANCH is SHLACH. The word CANAL
(SHILOCAH) occurs once in the Bible and is brought by
Radack but not by Rashi. Radack suggests a reason:
----------------------------------------------------
Because the irrigation canal BRANCHES out to water
all parts of the garden
----------------------------------------------------
I would go further and add
----------------------------------------------------
Because the canal waters the garden BRANCHES
----------------------------------------------------
=================================================================
RASHI RULE USED: ROOT+PREPOSITION
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 11 Number 21
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 11 Number 21