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      3. RASHI METHOD: GRAMMAR
      BRIEF EXPLANATION: Rashi explains verses using grammar principles, that is, rules which relate reproducable word form to word meaning. Grammatical rules neatly fall into 3 categories
      • (a) the rules governing conjugation of individual words,Biblical roots,
      • (b) the rules governing collections of words,clauses, sentences
      • (c) miscellaneous grammatical, or form-meaning, rules.
      This examples applies to Rashis Nu07-89e
      URL Reference: (c) http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rule1219.htm
      Brief Summary: The pronoun ELAUV (Aleph-Lamed-Yud-Vav) means ONLY TO HIM. ....So (Nu07-89e) When Moses came to the Temple he heard God's voice speaking ONLY to him [Rashi: Aaron did not hear]

Rashi lived before the age of grammatical textbooks. Hence one of his functions was to teach the type of grammar that we all take for granted and find in modern basic grammatical textbooks.

A major thrust in modern textbooks is verb conjugation. However grammar additionally deals with a variety of other topics including: 1) plurality agreement, 2) gender agreement, 3) connective prepositions, 4) noun-adjective agreement, 5) indication of number, 6) subject-verb-object sequencing, 7) noun-adjective sequencing, 8) pronoun-reference designation and many similar rules found in the modern textbooks of a variety of languages including Hebrew.

    Today we study pronoun designation. Malbim introduced the principle that Biblical Hebrew has two methods of designating pronouns and each of these methods has a distinct meaning. If a pronoun is
    • designated by a suffix letter or 2 letter word then the translation should be to him/her, or it.
    • designated by an entire word then the translation should be only to him/her or only it.
    For example,
    • Lamed-Vav means to him while
    • Aleph-Lamed-Yud-Vav means only to him.

Using this rule we translate Nu07-89 as follows: And when Moses went into the Tent of Meeting to speak with him, then he heard the voice speaking only to him [but Aaron did not receive the prophetcies!] from the covering that was upon the ark of Testimony, from between the two kerubim; and he spoke to him. In the above translation we have embedded the Rashi comment as a parenthetical remark driven by the underlined word which we have translated according to the above mentioned rule. 


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