The 4 meanings of ALL:#17 of 18
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# 10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE #
# Jul 13, 2000 #
# Rashis 140-141 Of 7800 (1.7%) #
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We now conclude this series on the 40 Rashis with ALL.
After reviewing the matter there are 5 rules. What we will
do is give a summary of one rule per issue so we will be
thru by the end of the week. We will close with a grand
summary. All this will be posted on the web site.
A reader completing this module will be able to comfortably
understand Rashis and talmudic passages with ALL
Most of the Rashis have been covered. In this header we will
mention anything new.
METHOD 5
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ALL can precludes obvious exceptions
For example Nu20-01a says the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN
A previous verse Nu14-29 says adult males over 20 who
accepted the slander of the spies died throughout the
journey of the Jews in the wilderness.
Therefore the statement "the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN"
means that everyone who had to die had already died.
This list does not appear simple but rather appears
"Talmudic"--in each verse the challenge is to find what
exceptions appear natural This requires knowledge of
other verses
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The beautiful Rashi on Lv32-06b is new. The verse says
"ALL sin offerings"
Rabbi Akiva comes along and says
"ALL" comes to include ALL offerings.
By now the readers of this list are trained in the use
of ALL. So we all understand Rabbi Gamliel's response
"Rabbi Akiva! If you say "ALL ALL ALL" all day
you cannot extend SIN OFFERINGS to include
ALL OFFERINGS"
In other words Rabbi Gamliel was telling Rabbi Akiva
what we already know. ALL can mean no exceptions or
include groups we wouldn't have thought of. But it
can't include things beyond the meaning of the word!!
There are in fact 3 suggested explanations of what this
word ALL includes in this verse. I have followed the
simplest explanation that ALL SIN OFFERINGS includes
GUILT OFFERINGS. Indeed, the GUILT OFFERINGS are
border line cases of SIN OFFERINGS since they both
come to atone on sin. And we could have placed this
ALL in the list of ALLS that include BORDER LINE CASES
The Torah herself explicitly compares SIN and GUILT
offerings(Lv07-07)
We see here Rashis exquisite style---Rashi did NOT
cite all 3 opinions. He rather cited the OPENING
LINES OF THE SIFRAH (Rabbi Akivah's opinion). It
would be natural for a student to protest the lack
of logic in including "ALL OFFERINGS" from "SIN
OFFERINGS". The teacher can then guide the student
thru the sifrah to see more reasonable opinions.
Rashi frequently cites only OPENING LINES in the
hope that the student will ask questions and be
guided to further learning.
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#
Here is the summary for this use of ALL.
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ALL can precludes obvious exceptions
For example Nu20-01a says the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN
A previous verse Nu14-29 says adult males over 20 who
accepted the slander of the spies died throughout the
journey of the Jews in the wilderness.
Therefore the statement "the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN"
means that everyone who had to die had already died.
This list does not appear simple but rather appears
"Talmudic"--in each verse the challenge is to find what
exceptions appear natural This requires knowledge of
other verses
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VERSE TEXT WILL "ALL" INCLUDES EVEN THE FOLLOWING
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Ex35-22b Bzalel did all God told Moses Even if Moses forgot*1
Nu20-01a The WHOLE nation came to Tzn Even adult men over 20*2
Nu18-09b Priests get ALL sacrifices EVEN Peace offerings*3
Lv17-10a ALL eating blood will die Even non sacrificial blood*4
Lv06-11a ALL male priests can eat it Even blemished ones*5
Dt18-01a ALL priests will not inherit EVEN blemished ones*6
Lv06-32b ALL sin offerings EVEN Guilt Offerings*7
Dt14-11a ALL Kosher birds may be eaten " the sent-away lepor bird*8
Ex12-47a ALL Jews offer the Passover By Individual not family*9
NOTES
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*1 I would logically think that Bzalel couldn't do things that
God told Moses but Moses forgot to tell Bzalel.
Rashi brings a possible example--In Ex25 Moses orders the
temple utensils to be built first and then the Tabernacle
But in Ex36 and Ex37 Bzalel builds the Tabernacle first
and then the temple.
Logically Bzalel knew that you build the house first and
then fill it with utensils
*2 Nu14-29 states that the adult males over 20 who listened to
the spies slander of Israel died. However they had all
died by the time they came to Tzin---hence the WHOLE
community came (because they didn't bury anyone in the
previous place)
*3 Nu18-09 lists 3 types of sacrifices that priests get.
It does not list peace offerings. HEnce I need the word
ALL to include it. This is further indicated in Lv06
and Lv07-23.
*4 It says Lv17-11 that the reason blood is prohibited is
because it is used to atone on the altar
Hence it is logical to conclude that only sacrificial
blood is forbidden but ordinary blood that can't be
offered is permissable. Therefore the verse says ALL BLOOD
to include this other blood.
*5,*6 It explicitly says (Lv22--21:22) that blemished priests
may not offer sacrifices (But may eat them).
Hence the word "ALL" includes even blemished priests--
since they can't offer sacrifices I might think they
DO inherit Israel--I might also think that they do
not join the Priestly rotations (which offer and eat
the sacrifices).
Therefore the word ALL is used. They
do join the priestly rotations,
do not inherit Israeli land,
do not offer sacrifices
do eat them
*7 There are 3 opinions of what the word ALL includes.
The best literary approach is to use Lv07-07
"The sin offering is like the guilt offering"
(Since both sin and guilt offerings deal with matters
of sin) Thus the word "ALL sin offerings" includes
even guilt all offerings.
We used this Rashi to show Rashis literary style.
See above
*8 Recall that most sacrifices are HOLY and cannot be eaten
even if they are Kosher. Further recall that the Lepor
was atoned by having a Kosher bird sent away and another
one offered (Lv14-04:07). I might think that this
sent-away-Lepor bird is like any other sacrificial object
and prohibited from eating. Therefore Dt14-11 says
"ALL Kosher birds..." may be eaten--even the Kosher lepor
bird.
*9 The first passover offering has one lamb PER family(Ex12-03)
Hence I might think that future passover offerings are
PER family. Therefore when Ex12-16 says "The WHOLE community
must offer it" it means EVERY individual
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#